Difference between revisions of "The Prisoner of Benda"
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* [[Philip J. Fry|Fry]] seems to be excited by the idea of [[Turanga Leela|Leela's]] mind in [[Amy Wong|Amy's]] body, a revisiting to the [[Fry-Amy relationship]]. | * [[Philip J. Fry|Fry]] seems to be excited by the idea of [[Turanga Leela|Leela's]] mind in [[Amy Wong|Amy's]] body, a revisiting to the [[Fry-Amy relationship]]. | ||
* [[Professor Hubert J. Farnsworth|The Professor]] calls [[Bender Bending Rodriguez|Bender's]] body invincible, though only a few episodes earlier ("[[Lethal Inspection]]") we found out that it wasn't. | * [[Professor Hubert J. Farnsworth|The Professor]] calls [[Bender Bending Rodriguez|Bender's]] body invincible, though only a few episodes earlier ("[[Lethal Inspection]]") we found out that it wasn't. | ||
* The episode brings a big step in the [[Fry-Leela relationship]], as they have sex for the first time known. | * The episode brings a big step in the [[Fry-Leela relationship]], as they have sex for the first time known, though it should be noted that neither is in their own body at the time. | ||
* The Professor had invented a mind-switching device back in [[Bender's Game]], but is seen here as only having just completed it. However, it may have been operational, just not perfected at that time. | * The Professor had invented a mind-switching device back in [[Bender's Game]], but is seen here as only having just completed it. However, it may have been operational, just not perfected at that time. | ||
Revision as of 02:27, 21 August 2010
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Season 6 episode Broadcast season 7 episode | |||||
The Prisoner of Benda | |||||
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No. | 98 | ||||
Production number | 6ACV10 | ||||
Written by | Ken Keeler | ||||
Directed by | Stephen Sandoval | ||||
Title caption | What happens in Cygnus X-1 Stays in Cygnux X-1 | ||||
First air date | 19 August, 2010 | ||||
Broadcast number | S07E10 | ||||
Title reference | The Prisoner of Zenda | ||||
Additional | |||||
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Season 6 | |||||
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"The Prisoner of Benda" is the ninety-eighth episode of Futurama, the tenth of the sixth production season and the seventh broadcast season. The Professor and Amy are cleaning up an old mind-switching machine that switches the crew members' minds, but everything goes haywire and they can't change back.
The story
A revolutionary invention allows the crew members to exchange minds, but it goes haywire and it's up to Farnsworth and the Globetrotters to fix it.
Production
According to David X. Cohen, writer Ken Keeler penned a theorem (and proof thereof) based on group theory, then used it to explain a plot twist in this episode.[1]
Writer Eric Rogers calls The Prisoner of Benda his favorite Futurama episode alongside "Jurassic Bark", "because it may be the epitome of what this series attempts to do every week: the perfect blend of science fiction and bust-a-gut humor".[2]
The theorem
Here’s an algorithm to sort out any situation.
1. First, make sure you have a buddy that you’ve never switched with, and that neither of you have switched with anybody in the group of mess-ups.
2. Make that buddy sit on the sidelines.
3. Start by switching with anyone. (In the example situation given in this episode, switch with Zoidberg into Fry’s body, for example.)
4. Switch with the one who has a mind that matches the body you’re in. Repeat until you reach the end of the closed loop. (After switching with Fry so he gets his body back, you’ll be at the end of that loop since you can’t switch with Zoidberg again.) If that wasn’t the last closed loop (i.e. is there anyone left that you’re allowed to switch with, but who aren’t in their original body?), switch with anyone of those, then repeat this step again. (In this case, there are plenty. Say you’ll switch with the professor. You’ll have Bender’s body, so switch with him. Then you’ll have the Emperor’s body, so switch with Washbucket, and so on.) When you can’t switch no more, you’ll have one closed loop left of N players, in a neat chain. (N is one from each closed loop, plus you. If you picked the same examples as above, you’d have the professor in Zoidberg’s body, you in the professor’s body and Zoidberg in your body.)
5. Bring your buddy in to switch with everyone going through that last chain in the same way you did in step four (starting with anyone). You’ll end up neatly sorted.
The total number of switches needed with this algorithm will be [number of original messed-up people] + [number of closed loops] + 2. That would be thirteen in this case since Fry and Zoidberg were in one closed loop, the others in another, and they were nine people total.
Keeler doesn’t use the sit-on-the-sidelines–idea, he brings in both Bubblegum Tate and Sweet Clyde in parallel, and he also makes it so that they don’t have to switch directly with each other—anyone have his algorithm, or did he use brute force? Here are his results. He also uses thirteen switches total.
- Fry's body (receiving Sweet Clyde's mind) ↔ Sweet Clyde's body (receiving Dr Zoidberg's mind)
- Dr Zoidberg's body (receiving Bubblegum Tate's mind) ↔ Bubblegum Tate's body (receiving Fry's mind)
- Sweet Clyde's body (receiving Bubblegum Tate's mind) ↔ Dr Zoidberg's body (receiving Dr Zoidberg's mind)
- Bubblegum Tate's body (receiving Sweet Clyde's mind) ↔ Fry's body (receiving Fry's mind)
- Professor Farnsworth's body (receiving Bubblegum Tate's mind) ↔ Sweet Clyde's body (receiving Leela's mind)
- Washbucket's body (receiving Sweet Clyde's mind) ↔ Bubblegum Tate's body (receiving The Emperor's mind)
- Sweet Clyde's body (receiving Hermes's mind) ↔ Leela's body (receiving Leela's mind)
- Bubblegum Tate's body (receiving Bender's mind) ↔ The Emperor's body (receiving The Emperor's mind)
- Hermes's body (receiving Hermes's mind) ↔ Sweet Clyde's body (receiving Amy's mind)
- Bender's body (receiving Bender's mind) ↔ Bubblegum Tate's body (receiving Professor Farnsworth's mind)
- Sweet Clyde's body (receiving Washbucket's mind) ↔ Amy's body (receiving Amy's mind)
- Bubblegum Tate's body (receiving Bubblegum Tate's mind) ↔ Professor Farnsworth's body (receiving Professor Farnsworth's mind)
- Washbucket's body (receiving Washbucket's mind) ↔ Sweet Clyde's body (receiving Sweet Clyde's mind)
The proof
First let π be some k-cycle on [n] = {1 ... n} wlog write:
π = 1 2 ... k k+1 ... n 2 3 ... 1 k+1 ... n
Let <a,b> represent the transposition that switches the contents of a and b. By hypothesis π is generated by DISTINCT switches on [n]. Introduce two "new bodies" {x,y} and write
π* = 1 2 ... k k+1 ... n x y 2 3 ... 1 k+1 ... n x y
For any i=1 ... k let σ be the (l-to-r) series of switches
σ = (<x,1> <x,2> ... <x,i>) (<y,i+1> <y,i+2> ... <y,k>) (<x,i+1>) (<y,i>)
Note each switch exchanges an element of [n] with one of {x,y} so they are al distinct from the switches within [n] that generated π and also from <x,y>. By routine verification
π* σ = 1 2 ... n x y 1 2 ... n y x
i. e. σ reverts the k-cycle and leaves x and y switched (without performing <x,y>).
NOW let π be an ARBITRARY permutation on [n]. It consists of disjoint (nontrivial) cycles and each can be inverted as above in sequence after which x and y can be switched if necessary via <x,y>, as was desired.
Additional Info
Allusions
- The title of the episode as well as Bender's plot of posing as an emperor is a reference to the 1894 novel The Prisoner of Zenda (as well as its numerous adaptions).
- The title caption refers to Cygnus X-1, which is a black hole. If nothing can escape from a black hole, then clearly anything that happens in Cygnus X-1 will stay in Cygnus X-1.
- Leela makes several mentions of Nicolas Cage movies, possibly the National Treasure series.
- Bender in Amy's body convinces Emperor Nikolai that he is a robot by dancing Michael Jackson's famous Moonwalk.
- Hermes says that Amy (in the body of Leela) "makes Fat Albert look like regular Albert".
- Big Bertha, a robot with a cannon stomach, is a reference to the German Big Bertha howitzer.
- The Idea of one-way-mind-swapping-machine are very similar to the one in episode 2x17 of Stargate SG-1.
Trivia
- This is the third episode of season 6 to use a cold opening (alongside "Rebirth" and "That Darn Katz!"). Cold openings were previously used most prominently in seasons 1 and 2.
- This is the second animated TV show in which a character voiced by John DiMaggio switches bodies with someone and the voice moves with the character into the new body. The other is the "Kim Possible" episode "Mind Games," which originally aired in 2002, with DiMaggio voicing Dr. Drakken.
Continuity
- Yet again Amy's childhood obesity is a theme, previously mentioned in episodes such as "Teenage Mutant Leela's Hurdles" and "Into the Wild Green Yonder".
- Bender claims he is sixty percent storage space. A recurring joke is that someone claims Bender is a certain percent of something, with the total by now adding up to much more than 100 %.
- Fry seems to be excited by the idea of Leela's mind in Amy's body, a revisiting to the Fry-Amy relationship.
- The Professor calls Bender's body invincible, though only a few episodes earlier ("Lethal Inspection") we found out that it wasn't.
- The episode brings a big step in the Fry-Leela relationship, as they have sex for the first time known, though it should be noted that neither is in their own body at the time.
- The Professor had invented a mind-switching device back in Bender's Game, but is seen here as only having just completed it. However, it may have been operational, just not perfected at that time.
Goofs
- Joe Gilman says there can barely fit twelve Robot Clowns in the car, but there are actually only nine.
- That's per cublic meter. If the clown car was less than a cubic meter in volume you could achieve 12 Robot Clowns per meter with only 9.
- Fry's and Bender's apartment look much different from earlier appearances (as in "The Late Philip J. Fry"). While previously being a small apartment (Bender's room) with a giant sideroom (Fry's), it now does not have the small apartment and it includes a kitchen. (The kitchen had been seen previously, such as in Bender's Game
- Leela's building had been destroyed by the alien scammers in Bender's Big Score to make room for a Panda preserve.
- It was established in the episode "Why Must I Be a Crustacean in Love" that, once a male Decapod releases his male jelly (has sex), he dies. However, in this episode, Fry, who was in Zoidberg's body, wound up having intercourse with Leela, who was in the professors body, and did not die.
- It could be that, to die, the Decapodians need to mate with another Decapodian.
Characters
- Amy
- Debut: Bassor
- Debut: Big Bertha
- Debut: Chainsaw Robot
- Bender
- 'Sweet' Clyde Dixon
- Ethan 'Bubblegum' Tate
- Fry
- Hermes
- "Fishy" Joseph Gilman
- Debut: Japanese UN Diplomat
- Leela
- Linda
- Morbo
- Debut: Emperor Nikolai
- Debut: Flavia
- Professor Farnsworth
- Richard Nixon's head
- Debut: Robot Acrobat
- Debut: Robot Clowns
- Scruffy
- Debut: TV Robot
- Debut: Wash Bucket
- Zoidberg
References
- ^ "In an APS News exclusive, Cohen reveals for the first time that in the 10th episode of the upcoming season, tentatively entitled "The Prisoner of Benda", a theorem based on group theory was specifically written (and proven!) by staffer/PhD mathematician Ken Keeler to explain a plot twist."
Levine, Alaina G.. "Profiles in Versatility:". American Physics Society. Retrieved on 15 May 2010. - ^ [http://www.gotfuturama.com/Information/Articles/Eric_Rogers_Interview.dhtml CGEF Interview with Eric Rogers]