Difference between revisions of "Help:Editing"
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After adding to or changing the wikitext, press "Show preview", which produces the corresponding webpage in your browser but does not make it publicly available yet (not until you press "Save page"). Errors in formatting, links, tables, etc., are often much easier to discover from the rendered page than from the raw wikitext. | After adding to or changing the wikitext, press "Show preview", which produces the corresponding webpage in your browser but does not make it publicly available yet (not until you press "Save page"). Errors in formatting, links, tables, etc., are often much easier to discover from the rendered page than from the raw wikitext. | ||
If you are not satisfied you can make more changes and preview the page as many times as necessary. Then write a short edit summary in the small text field below the edit-box and when finished press "Save page". Depending on your system, pressing the "Enter" key while the edit box is not active (i.e., there is no typing cursor in it) may have the same effect as pressing "Save page". | If you are not satisfied you can make more changes and preview the page as many times as necessary. ''Then write a short edit '''summary''' in the small text field below the edit-box'' and when finished press "Save page". Depending on your system, pressing the "Enter" key while the edit box is not active (i.e., there is no typing cursor in it) may have the same effect as pressing "Save page". | ||
You may find it more convenient to copy and paste the text first into your favorite text editor, edit and spell check it there, and then paste it back into your web browser to preview. This way, you can also keep a local backup copy of the pages you have edited. It also allows you to make changes offline, but before you submit your changes, ''please make sure nobody else has edited the page'' since you saved your local copy (by checking the page history), otherwise you may accidentally revert someone else's edits. If someone ''has'' edited it since you copied the page, you'll have to merge their edits into your new version (you can find their specific edits by using the "diff" feature of the page history). These issues are handled automatically by the Mediawiki software if you edit the page online, retrieving and submitting the wikicode in the same text box. | You may find it more convenient to copy and paste the text first into your favorite text editor, edit and spell check it there, and then paste it back into your web browser to preview. This way, you can also keep a local backup copy of the pages you have edited. It also allows you to make changes offline, but before you submit your changes, ''please make sure nobody else has edited the page'' since you saved your local copy (by checking the page history), otherwise you may accidentally revert someone else's edits. If someone ''has'' edited it since you copied the page, you'll have to merge their edits into your new version (you can find their specific edits by using the "diff" feature of the page history). These issues are handled automatically by the Mediawiki software if you edit the page online, retrieving and submitting the wikicode in the same text box. |
Revision as of 21:35, 14 March 2006
General
To edit a page, click on "edit" link at the top of the page or along one of its edges.
After adding to or changing the wikitext, press "Show preview", which produces the corresponding webpage in your browser but does not make it publicly available yet (not until you press "Save page"). Errors in formatting, links, tables, etc., are often much easier to discover from the rendered page than from the raw wikitext.
If you are not satisfied you can make more changes and preview the page as many times as necessary. Then write a short edit summary in the small text field below the edit-box and when finished press "Save page". Depending on your system, pressing the "Enter" key while the edit box is not active (i.e., there is no typing cursor in it) may have the same effect as pressing "Save page".
You may find it more convenient to copy and paste the text first into your favorite text editor, edit and spell check it there, and then paste it back into your web browser to preview. This way, you can also keep a local backup copy of the pages you have edited. It also allows you to make changes offline, but before you submit your changes, please make sure nobody else has edited the page since you saved your local copy (by checking the page history), otherwise you may accidentally revert someone else's edits. If someone has edited it since you copied the page, you'll have to merge their edits into your new version (you can find their specific edits by using the "diff" feature of the page history). These issues are handled automatically by the Mediawiki software if you edit the page online, retrieving and submitting the wikicode in the same text box.
Dummy edit
If the wikitext is not changed no edit will be recorded and the edit summary is discarded.
A dummy edit is a change in wikitext that has no effect on the rendered page. This allows an edit summary, and is useful for correcting a previous edit summary, or an accidental marking of a previous edit as "minor" (see below). Also it is sometimes needed to refresh the cache of some item in the database.
Minor edits
When editing a page, a logged in user has the option of flagging the edit as a "minor edit". When to use this is somewhat a matter of personal preference. The rule of thumb is that an edit of a page that is spelling corrections, formatting, and minor rearranging of text should be flagged as a "minor edit". A major edit is basically something that makes the entry worth relooking at for somebody who wants to watch the article rather closely, so any "real" change, even if it is a single word. This feature is important, because users can choose to hide minor edits in their view of the recent changes to keep the volume of edits down to a manageable level.
The reason for not allowing a user who is not logged in to mark an edit as minor is that vandalism could then be marked as a minor edit, in which case it would stay unnoticed longer. This limitation is another reason to log in.
The wiki markup
In the left column of the table below, you can see what effects are possible. In the right column, you can see how those effects were achieved. In other words, to make text look like it looks in the left column, type it in the format you see in the right column.
You may want to keep this page open in a separate browser window for reference. If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the Playground.
Sections, paragraphs, lists and lines
What it looks like | What you type |
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Start your sections with header lines: New section Subsection Sub-subsection |
== New section == === Subsection === ==== Sub-subsection ==== |
New line: A single new line has no effect on the layout. But an empty line starts a new paragraph. |
A single newline has no effect on the layout. But an empty line starts a new paragraph. |
You can break lines without starting a new paragraph. Sufficient as wikitext code is <br>, the XHTML code <br /> is not needed, the system produces this code. |
You can break lines<br> without starting a new paragraph. |
marks the end of the list.
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* Lists are easy to do: ** start every line with a star *** more stars means deeper levels *A newline *in a list marks the end of the list. *Of course *you can *start again. |
marks the end of the list.
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# Numbered lists are also good ## very organized ## easy to follow #A newline #in a list marks the end of the list. #New numbering starts #with 1. |
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* You can even do mixed lists *# and nest them *#* like this<br>or have newlines<br>inside lists |
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* You can also **break lines<br>inside lists<br>like this |
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; Definition list : list of definitions ; item : the item's definition |
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
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: A colon indents a line or paragraph. A manual newline starts a new paragraph. |
IF a line of plain text starts with a space THEN it will be formatted exactly as typed; in a fixed-width font; lines won't wrap; ENDIF this is useful for: * pasting preformatted text; * algorithm descriptions; * program source code * ASCII art; * chemical structures; WARNING If you make it wide,
you force the whole page to be wide and hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. |
IF a line of plain text starts with a space THEN it will be formatted exactly as typed; in a fixed-width font; lines won't wrap; ENDIF this is useful for: * pasting preformatted text; * algorithm descriptions; * program source code * ASCII art; * chemical structures; |
Centered text. | <div style="text-align:center">Centered text.</div> |
A horizontal dividing line: above
and below. Mainly useful for separating threads on Talk pages. |
A horizontal dividing line: above ---- and below. |
Summarizing the effect of a single newline: no effect in general, but it ends a list item or indented part; thus changing some text into a list item, or indenting it, is more cumbersome if it contains newlines, they have to be removed.
Links, URLs
What it looks like | What you type |
---|---|
Sue is watching Space Pilot 3000.
Thus the link above is to http://futurama.overt-ops.com/index.php?title=Space_Pilot_3000, which is the page with the name "Space Pilot 3000". |
Sue is watching [[Space Pilot 3000]]. |
Link to a section on a page, e.g. Space Pilot 3000#Act III: "Welcome to the head museum."; when section editing does not work the link is treated as link to the page, i.e. to the top; this applies for:
| [[Space Pilot 3000#Act III: "Welcome to the head museum."]]. |
Link target and link label are different: help.
(This is called a piped link). |
Link target and link label are different: [[Help:Contents|help]] |
Endings are blended into the link: Category:Humans
|
Endings are blended into the link: [[:Category:Human]]s |
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: Mars University. Automatically hide namespace: Welcoming Committee. The server fills in the part after the | when you save the page. Next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. A preview interprets the abbreviated form correctly, but does not expand it yet in the edit box. Press Save and again Edit, and you will see the expanded version. The same applies for the following feature. |
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: [[Mars University (Episode)|]]. Automatically hide namespace: [[Infosphere:Welcoming Committee|]]. |
When adding a comment to a Talk page,
you should sign it. You can do this by adding three tildes for your user name: or four for user name plus date/time:
five gives just the date/time:
|
When adding a comment to a Talk page, you should sign it. You can do this by adding three tildes for your user name: : ~~~ or four for user name plus date/time: : ~~~~ five gives just the date/time: : ~~~~~ |
The rain in Spain is a page that doesn't yet exist.
Note: Please do not create this page. The link is meant as an example and is not a necessary article. |
[[The rain in Spain]] is a page that doesn't exist yet. |
Redirect one article title to another by putting text like this in its first line.
|
#REDIRECT [[Planet Express]] |
"What links here" and "Related changes" can be linked as: Special:Whatlinkshere/Planet Express and Special:Recentchangeslinked/Planet Express |
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/ Planet Express]] and [[Special:Recentchangeslinked/ Planet Express]] |
External links: PEEL or [1] | External links: [http://www.peelified.com PEEL] or [http://www.peelified.com] |
Or just give the URL: http://www.peelified.com.
|
Or just give the URL: http://www.peelified.com. |
To link to books, you can use ISBN links. ISBN 0-06-050598-2 Note: That's a real Futurama book. |
ISBN 0-06-050598-2 |
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
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[[media:example.mp3|Sound]] |
Images
What it looks like | What you type |
---|---|
A picture:
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A picture: [[Image:Crew.jpg]] or, with alternate text (strongly recommended) [[Image:Crew.jpg|The Planet Express Crew]] Web browsers render alternate text when not displaying an image -- for example, when the image isn't loaded, or in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud. |
A thumbnail:
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A thumbnail: [[Image:Crew.jpg|thumb|The Planet Express Crew]] You may also put them on the left, or in the center: [[Image:Crew.jpg|thumb|left|The Planet Express Crew]] Note: "Right" is the default and needn't be specified, but you may. |
You may also specify (in pixels) how large the image is:
|
[[Image:Crew.jpg|100px|The Planet Express Crew]] |
Clicking on an uploaded image displays a description page, which you can also link directly to: Image:Crew.jpg |
[[:Image:Crew.jpg]] |
Character formatting
What it looks like | What you type |
---|---|
Emphasize, strongly, very strongly.
|
''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''. |
You can also write italic and bold if the desired effect is a specific font style rather than emphasis, as in mathematical formulae:
|
You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b> if the desired effect is a specific font style rather than emphasis, as in mathematical formulas: :<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b> |
A typewriter font for technical terms. | A typewriter font for <tt>technical terms</tt>. |
You can use small text for captions. | You can use <small>small text</small> for captions. |
You can or underline new material. |
You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike> or <u>underline new material</u>. |
Umlauts and accents: |
è é ê ë ì í À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù Ú Û Ü ß à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï ñ ò ó ô œ õ ö ø ù ú û ü ÿ |
Punctuation: |
¿ ¡ « » § ¶ † ‡ • — – |
Commercial symbols: |
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤ |
Subscript: x2 Superscript: x2 or x²
ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
|
Subscript: x<sub>2</sub> Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x² or in projects with the templates sub and sup: Subscript: x{{sub|2}} Superscript: x{{sup|2}} ε<sub>0</sub> = 8.85 × 10<sup>−12</sup> C² / J m. |
Greek characters: Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ |
Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
Math characters: |
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ ≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ → × · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø ∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ → ↔ |
x2 ≥ 0 true.
|
<i>x</i><sup>2</sup> ≥ 0 true. |
For comparison for the following examples: arrow → italics link |
arrow → ''italics'' [[link]] |
Use <nowiki> to suppress interpretation of wiki markup, but interpret character references and remove newlines and multiple spaces: arrow → ''italics'' [[link]] |
<nowiki>arrow → ''italics'' [[link]]</nowiki> |
Use <pre> to suppress interpretation of wiki markup and keep newlines and multiple spaces, and get typewriter font, but interpret character references: arrow → ''italics'' [[link]] |
<nowiki><pre>arrow → ''italics'' [[link]]</nowiki> |
Use leading space on each line to keep newlines and multiple spaces, and get typewriter font: arrow → italics link |
arrow → ''italics'' [[link]] |
Use typewriter font: arrow → italics link |
<tt>arrow →</tt> <tt>''italics''</tt> <tt>[[link]]</tt> |
Show character references: → |
&rarr; |
Commenting page source:
|
<!-- comment here --> |
HTML Tables
HTML tables can be quite useful as well. For details on how to use them and discussion about when they are appropriate, see MediaWiki User's Guide: Using tables.
Templates
Some part of a page may correspond in the edit box to just a reference to another page, in the form {{name}}, referring to the page "Template:name" (or if the name starts with a namespace prefix, it refers to the page with that name; if it starts with a colon it refers to the page in the main namespace with that name without the colon). This is called a template. For changing that part of the page, edit that other page. Sometimes a separate edit link is provided for this purpose. A convenient way to put such a link in a template is with a template like m:Template:ed. Note that the change also affects other pages which use the same template.
Page protection
In a few cases the link labeled "MediaWiki:Editthispage" is replaced by the text "Protected page". In that case the page can not be edited.
Separating edits
When moving or copying a piece of text within a page or from another page, and also making other edits, it is useful to separate these edits. This way the diff function can be usefully applied for checking these other edits.
Trolls
The bad news is that occasionally a Wiki Troll or vandal will deface a page. The good news is that any page can be reverted back to a previous version:
Simply click "history" at the top of the page you wish to roll back. Then click on the time and date of the archived version you want to revert back to. The page will appear with the version indicated at the top of the page, just underneath the page title. Next, click "edit" at the top of the page. Add a note in the Summary box that you are reverting the page because of a vandal, and then click "Save page".